Means for promoting combustion in internal combustion engines



Nov. 30, 1937- F. G. c. BASHFORD ET AL 2,100,466

' MEANS FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTION IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 22, 1936 g qyvi'md r as7zfb 0710 ml/lam M'Zafen,

.9 w i w z /4 wsa wm F. G. c. BASHFORD ET AL ,100,466

MEANS FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTION IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Nov. 30, 1937. I

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 22, 1936 Patented Nov. 30, 1937 MEANS FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTION 1N INTERNAL COMBUSTION. ENGINES Frederick George Cavendish Bashford and Wili liam Perry McLaren, ada

Montreal, Quebec, "Can- Application January 22, 1936, Serial No. 60.334 3 Claims. (01; 123-119) V This invention relates to means for promoting combustion in internal combustion engines and is-a continuation in part of thesubject matter described and claimed in our pending application filed July 23, 1934, Serial No. 736,446.

- The invention consists essentially of the synchronal feedingof the fuel mixture and supplemental heated air in graduated quantities, as Well as embodying means for re-mixing the fuel charge prior to its entry into thecylinders of an engine.

-The objectspof the invention are to increase Q the-turbulence of-the -fuel mixture immediately preceding its entry to the engine cylinders, thereby insuringya very-complete; mixture of air and fuel and thus eliminate facilitate. the maintenance. and operation of an engine.

V r :.It .i's'wa still further object of the invention to providea novel construction of re-mixing chamher for the fuel, which maybereadily installed in engines of present day constructions. V

Additionalv objects, advantages and features of invention will be apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings, where- .Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion'of an engine, showing the attachment installed. 7 1 i c Figure 2 is a cross section on theline 2-4 of Eigurel, illustrating the mixing chamber. 7

Figure 3 is a cross section on the line 33 of Fig; 2,- V v Figure 4-is an .c a her- V Figure 5 is a perspective view of a sleeve associated with the mixing chamber. Y

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the control valve. a

end elevation of the V Figure 7 is a cross section on the line 11 of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a perspeotive view of the valve proper. V V Figure 9 is an elevational view thereof. I .i Figure 10 is a sectional view of the air heater. 7 Attention is now particularly invited to Figure l'of the drawings, wherein there isshown, graph: ic'ally', the intake'manifold l9 and exhaust manifold ll, of an internal combustion-engine. exhaust manifold II is apertured at |2 and l3, for admission of an air pipe M which extends through the chamber of the exhaust manifold, one end ofwhich is connected with a cone-shaped casing 5 containing an electric heater l6. The other end of theair pipe I4 is elbowed and extended for connection bymeans of the nipple also has a nipple l9 for ment with a port of l8. The valve casing 11 screw threaded engagea mixing device 2| presof the valve.

The.

with the valve casing l1,

ently to be described. The as embodying .a cylindrical bore within which there is oscillatably mounted a similarly shaped valve 22, one end of which includes a stem23 for securement of a'lever 24. A connecting rod 25 actuated through an acceleratorv pedal 26 isconnected with the'lever 24 and the main control 21 of the carburetor "28. Therefore, upon actuation of the accelerator pedal mitting gas to the engine, the valve 22- will be rotated to admit heated air to the mixing device 2! and the cylinders of the engine.

valve 22 a port 29 is formed adapted to register with the nipples |8| 9, this port extending transfor the purpose of aid valve casing is shown Intermediate the length of the body of the versely. across the valve :and opening 'ciroumferentially therearound except for a small1connecting portion 3|].

'formed in the portion tially thereof and is in communication with the port 29. The opening 3| tapers in the direction of the portion 39 to a mere slit andthus a'gradu- A taperingvopening 3| is 39 extending circumferen j a ated quantity of air will be admitted commensurate with the degree of actuation of the accel: erator26. The admission of air through the valve 22 will thusvbe from the minimum (through the slit) and the maximum when the port 29 is aligned with the nipples |8|9. The valve 22-is fiangedas at 32, the flange being provided with a cut-away arcuate part 33, forming a path for a stop pin 34 The pin 34 serves tolimit rotative movements of the valve, as Will be apparent, and

preferably. the valve 22 is-maintained'within the shell I! by means of a Washer 35 and nut 36,-the latter'being engaged pon the threaded shank 31 It shouldbe noted that during full closed posi-' tion of the valve 22; the slit portion ofthe open ing 3| will align-with the bore of the nipple |9. thus admitting sufiicient supplemental air in the fuel mixture to causecomplete combustion and eliminate the accumulatio gases. 7 V V p V The mixing device 2| will now bedealt with, attention being'first invited to Figures land 2, wherein, it will be seen that the mixing device 2| n. of poisonous is suitably connected between the Venturi tube '38 of the carburetor and theintake branch-39 of the manifold instance'being shown as'of the down-draft type. Obviously, the device is susceptible to use with the updraft type equally reversal of the mixing device 2| is necessary.

lhe mixing device 2| includes a pair of chain'- bers '49, extending vertically thereof and in a plane coincident withthetub'e 38 of the carbu retoiy and fixed within these chambers thereis The sleeves 4| are o f an apertured sleeve 4|.-"

Well, as only, a

In, the carburetor in the present tapered formation. tapering. in' the direction of flow of the gaseous charge from the carburetor,

2 thereby producing a Venturi-effect upon the charge, as will be apparent. The sleeves M are preferably given a slight curvature at their junctures with the sides of the chambers 40, thus offering the least possible resistance to the flow of gases. sleeves 41, and in the walls defining the sleeves, a plurality of apertures A2 are formed establish-v ing communication with respective compartments. These apertures Mare positioned approximately midway of the length of the sleeves and taper in the direction of the compartments.

Adjacent the base of each of the sleeves M, a plurality of smaller apertures 53 are formed,

which are tapered slightly in the direction of the longitudinal axis of respective sleeves.

A pair of diagonally extended bores 44 are formed in the body of the. mixing device one opening upon each of the chambers 48 and being in communication with the port 20. 'By the provision of diagonal bores an equal distribution of heated air will be supplied to the chambers 49, and further, it will be noted that the bores 44 enter the chambers 48 at a tangent, thereby causing the air to partake of a circumferential path around the sleeves M for discharge through the openings Q2. It should also be noted that the sleeves M are positioned eccentrically with respect to the chambers 48, (see Fig. 2) the lesser distance between the sleeves and the walls of the chambersbeing ata point in the path of travel of the air, farthest removed from the discharge openings of the bores 44. This arrangement further insures equal distribution of the air and proper mixture with incoming gaseous charge from the carburetor. Obviously, by the provision of a pair of mixing chambers 41 a very thorough intermingling of heated air and gaseous charge is effected, and since the air is admitted to the chambers at a tangent to the vertical axis of the chambers, by way of the bores 44, the air is given a whirling action circumferentially of the chambers.

As shown diagrammatically in Figure l, the heating coil I6 is electrically connected through the cable 45 with the starter switch 46 inorder that the-heater l6 maybe in operation long enough to thoroughly preheat the supplemental air prior to admission of the gaseous charge from the carburetor.

The operation The operation will be readily understood from the following description.

Upon manipulation of the starter switch 45 to energize the heater coil 16, heated air will be drawn into the mixing device 2i, through the cone-shaped casing l5 by Way of the tube {4 the heated air passing into the chambers 40 by way of the slit in the port 3|, through the diagonal bores. From the chambers 49 the heated air passes to the intake manifold ll byway of the apertures 42-43 and thence to the cylinders of the engine. This is made possible by the suction created by the reciprocation of the pistons of the engine, After reasonable length of time, the accelerator 26 is actuated to operate the main control 21 of the carburetor, which it will be apparent also rotates the valve 22 to a position to admit additional heated air from the heater element I6. At such time, a gaseous charge will be drawn through the tube 28 of the carburetor passing through the apertures 42 into the chambers All to be met by the heated air drawn in by The chambers 49 circumscribe the the resultant charge more thoroughly mix way of the tube l4 and bores 44. The gas drawn in from the carburetor will obviously be quite cold and when this cold mixture of raw gas meets the heated air from the heater element IS a turbulence in the mixture will be created, insuring mating of the carbon and oxygen atoms, delivered to the cylinders of the engine at the time of ignition being essentially steam and carbon dioxide, thereby eliminating the production of carbon monoxide from the exhaust of the engine.

Obviously, the mixing device 2| functions to the combustible mixture from the carburetor with the incoming heated air, and does in fact produce a secondary Venturi effect upon the gaseous mixture, which produces a more perfect combustible mixture.

The release of the starter switch 46- de-energizes the heaterelement 16, which is no longer necessary, as the exhaust gases passing around the tube l4 within the exhaust manifold are very hot and will heat the air passing through the tube to such an extent as to function in the manner above stated without the use of the heater element.

We claim:

1. Means for promoting combustion in internal combustion engines comprising a carburetting device associated with the intake manifold, a secondary mixing device between the carburetor and the intake manifold, said mixing device comprising a pair'of chambers defined by circumscribing spaced walls, the inner of said walls ta!- pering in the direction of flow of the gaseous fuel and having gas inlet apertures opening upon the chambers, gas outlet apertures formed adjacent the base of the chambers, a common hot air connection for themixing device, means for feeding hot air thereto in graduated quantities, and separate conduit means between the air connection and the chambers.

2. Means for promoting combustion in internal combustion engines. comprising a casing interposed between the carburetor and the intake manifold of an engine, said casing-having a pair 3. Means for promoting combustion in--internal combustion engines comprising a casinginterposed between the carburetor and the intake manifold of an engine, said casing having a pair of annular chambers, the inner'walls of which taper in the direction offiow of the gaseous/mixture, said walls having inlet apertures. formed therein intermediate the length thereof, said apertures being inclined downwardly toward the outer wall of the chambers, saidinner walls further having a plurality of outlet apertures adjacent one end thereof, said apertures being inclined in the direction of flow of the gas, hot air inlet means connected to the casing, and separate port means between the respective chambers and the hot air inlet means. a

FREDERICK GEORGE CAVENDISH a r BASHFORD. wlLLllAM PERRY MCLAREN. 

